Male infertility is usually caused by problems that affect either sperm production or sperm transport. About two-thirds of infertile men have a problem with making sperm in the testes.A varicocele is a swelling of the veins that drain the testicle. It's the most common reversible cause of male infertility. Although the exact reason that varicoceles cause infertility is unknown, it may be related to abnormal testicular temperature regulation. Varicoceles result in reduced quality of the sperm.
A sexual problem, or sexual dysfunction, refers to a problem during any phase of the sexual response cycle that prevents the individual or couple from experiencing satisfaction from the sexual activity. The sexual response cycle has four phases: excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.
Sexual dysfunction can be a result of a physical or psychological problem.
- Physical causes - Many physical and/or medical conditions can cause problems with sexual function. These conditions include: diabetes, heart disease, neurological diseases, hormonal imbalances, menopause plus such chronic diseases as kidney disease or liver failure, and alcoholism or drug abuse. In addition, the side effects of certain medications, including some antidepressant drugs, can affect sexual desire and function.
- Psychological causes
These include work-related stress and anxiety, concern about sexual performance, marital or relationship problems, depression, feelings of guilt, or the effects of a past sexual trauma.
Female personal problems
PCOS
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a set of symptoms due to elevated androgens (male hormones) in females. Signs and symptoms of PCOS include irregular or no menstrual periods, heavy periods, excess body and facial hair, acne, pelvic pain, difficulty getting pregnant, and patches of thick, darker, velvety skin. Associated conditions include type 2 diabetes, obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, heart disease, mood disorders, and endometrial cancer.
Fibroids
Fibroids are muscular tumors that grow in the wall of the uterus (womb). Not all women with fibroids have symptoms. Women who do have symptoms often find fibroids hard to live with. Some have pain and heavy menstrual bleeding, become anemic as well. Treatment for uterine fibroids depends on your symptoms.
Symptoms of Fibroid
In women who have symptoms, the most common symptoms of uterine fibroids include:
- Heavy menstrual bleeding
- Menstrual periods lasting more than a week
- Pelvic pressure or pain
- Frequent urination
- Difficulty emptying the bladder
- Constipation
- Backache or leg pains
Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia syndrome affects the muscles and soft tissue. Symptoms include chronic muscle pain, fatigue, sleep problems, and painful tender points or trigger points, which can be relieved through medications, lifestyle changes and stress management.
The main symptoms of fibromyalgia:-
- Widespread pain. If you have fibromyalgia, one of the main symptoms is likely to be widespread pain
- Extreme sensitivity
- Stiffness
- Fatigue
- Poor sleep quality
- Cognitive problems ('fibro-fog')
- Headaches
- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
What’s Endometritis?
Endometritis is an inflammatory condition of the lining of the uterus and is usually due to an infection. Untreated infections can lead to complications with the reproductive organs, issues with fertility, and other general health problems. To minimize your risks, read on to learn what they are, the symptoms, and your outlook if diagnosed.
What are the symptoms of endometritis?
Endometritis typically causes the following symptoms:
- abdominal swelling
- abnormal vaginal bleeding
- abnormal vaginal discharge
- constipation
- discomfort when having a bowel movement
- fever
- general feeling of sickness
- pain in the pelvis, lower abdominal area, or rectal area
Chronic fatigue syndrome
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a debilitating disorder characterized by extreme fatigue or tiredness that doesn't go away with rest and can't be explained by an underlying medical condition. CFS can also be referred to as myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) or systemic exertion intolerance disease (SEID)
Symptoms
Signs and symptoms may include:
- Fatigue
- Loss of memory or concentration
- Sore throat
- Enlarged lymph nodes in your neck or armpits
- Unexplained muscle or joint pain
- Headaches
- Unrefreshing sleep
- Extreme exhaustion lasting more than 24 hours after physical or mental exercise
Menstrual Problems Heavy Periods
Common menstrual problem is a heavy period. Also called menorrhagia, heavy periods cause you to bleed more than normal. You may also have your period for longer than the average of five to seven days.
Other causes of heavy or irregular menstrual bleeding include:
- puberty
- vaginal infections
- inflammation of the cervix
- underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism)
- noncancerous uterus tumors (fibroids)
- changes in diet or exercise
Absent Periods
In some cases, women may not get their period. This is called amenorrhea. Primary amenorrhea is when you don’t get your first period by age 16. This may be caused by an issue with the pituitary gland, a congenital defect of the female reproductive system, or a delay in puberty. Secondary amenorrhea occurs when you stop getting your regular periods for six months or more.
Common causes of primary amenorrhea and secondary amenorrhea in teens include:
- anorexia
- overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism)
- ovarian cysts
- sudden weight gain or loss
- stopping birth control
- pregnancy
When adults do not menstruate, the common causes are often different. These may include:
- premature ovarian failure
- pelvic inflammatory disease (a reproductive infection)
- stopping birth control
- pregnancy
- breastfeeding
- menopause
Painful Periods
Not only can your period be lighter or heavier than normal, but it can also be painful. Cramps are normal during PMS and they also occur when your uterus contracts as your period begins. However, some women experience excruciating pain. Also called dysmenorrhea, extremely painful menstruation is likely linked to an underlying medical problem, such as:
- fibroids
- pelvic inflammatory disease
- abnormal tissue growth outside of the uterus (endometriosis)
Leukorrhea
Leukorrhea is a thick, whitish or yellowish vaginal discharge. There are many causes of leukorrhea, the usual one being estrogen imbalance. The amount of discharge may increase due to vaginal infection or STDs.
Symptoms
- Heavy discharge
- Chunky
- Foul-smelling
- Copious (large quantity)
- Changed in a manner that concerned you
Infertility
An infertility diagnosis is given to a couple that has been unsuccessful in efforts to conceive over the course of one full year. When the cause of infertility exists within the female partner, it is referred to as female infertility. Female infertility factors contribute to approximately 50% of all infertility cases, and female infertility alone accounts for approximately one-third of all infertility cases.
What causes female infertility?
The most common causes of female infertility include problems with ovulation, damage to fallopian tubes or uterus, or problems with the cervix. Age can contribute to infertility because as a woman ages, her fertility naturally tends to decrease.
Ovulation problems may be caused by one or more of the following:
- A hormone imbalance
- A tumor or cyst
- Eating disorders such as anorexia or bulimia
- Alcohol or drug use
- Thyroid gland problems
- Excess weight
- Stress
- Intense exercise that causes a significant loss of body fat
- Extremely brief
- enstrual cycles
Damage to the fallopian tubes or uterus can be caused by one or more of the following:
Pelvic inflammatory disease
- A previous infection
- Polyps in the uterus
- Endometriosis or fibroids
- Scar tissue or adhesions
- Chronic medical illness
- A previous ectopic (tubal) pregnancy
- A birth defect
Abnormal cervical mucus can also cause infertility. Abnormal cervical mucus can prevent the sperm from reaching the egg or make it more difficult for the sperm to penetrate the egg.
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